Binyamina – November 05, 2026 -- OncoHost's 22-protein plasma signature detected acquired immunotherapy resistance in advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) a median of 170 days, about 5.6 months, before radiologic progression, according to data the company will present at the International Society of Liquid Biopsy (ISLB) meeting in Madrid on November 7-9.
Two-cohort study analyzes 440 serial plasma samples from 109 patients
The abstract, titled "Longitudinal plasma proteomic profiling predicts immunotherapy response dynamics and overall survival (OS) in NSCLC," validates the signature as a tool for tracking treatment response over time. Researchers analyzed 440 serial plasma samples from 109 patients across two independent cohorts. Patients received immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) monotherapy, ICI plus chemotherapy, or dual ICI therapy.
The team tested the signature against radiologic response under RECIST criteria and against overall survival.
Proteomic score tracks radiologic response in both cohorts
The proteomic score was significantly associated with radiologic response in both cohorts. The association held across the ICI monotherapy and chemo-immunotherapy groups.
Score trajectories separate survival outcomes with a hazard ratio of 0.26
Increasing or decrease-increase score patterns, consistent with primary and acquired resistance, appeared in 72% of patients who developed progressive disease. Patients with decreasing proteomic scores had significantly longer overall survival than those with increasing, decrease-increase or stable trajectories (HR=0.26, p=0.0012).
The score also correlated strongly with an alveolar protein signal. OncoHost reads this as evidence that the signature captures lung-related biological processes.
OncoHost targets continuous blood-based monitoring beyond treatment selection
OncoHost's commercial platform, PROphet, currently guides first-line immunotherapy decisions in NSCLC from a single blood sample. The new data extends the approach to monitoring during therapy. CEO Ofer Sharon said the company aims to make plasma proteomics "an integral part of personalized cancer care."
Michal Harel, VP Translational Medicine, said the findings bring the field closer to a blood test that continuously assesses patient response to therapy.
Poster PT01.02 is scheduled for November 7 in the ISLB Poster Tour
The poster (abstract number 265) will be presented in the Poster Tour session on Saturday, November 7, 2026, from 3:15 to 4:00 PM.
OncoHost describes the findings as investigational and says further prospective validation is required to establish the clinical utility of the longitudinal monitoring signature.